Validation for a Granular Digital Twin: From 2D to 3D
Validation: Granular Digital Twin GeoApp
In this case, the full 3D geometry is known from a high-resolution µCT scan. However, only a single 2D slice (Fig. 1) was used to generate the digital twin. Based on this slice, a 3D microstructure model is automatically optimized to match the pore size distribution, solid particle size distribution, specific surface area, and the chord-length distribution.
The resulting deviations for these geometric descriptors, demonstrating the close agreement between scan and model, are summarized in Table 1. The reconstructed digital twin is shown both as a 2D slice Fig. 2 and as the full 3D geometry in Fig. 3.
A strong visual agreement between the real scan and the digital twin is observed. For quantitative validation, the permeability — a purely 3D transport property — was computed for both structures.
The reference µCT geometry yields a value of 5.29e-12 m², while the digital twin gives 6.24e-12 m². The deviation of approximately 18 % confirms the close structural agreement and demonstrates the capability to generate accurate 3D digital twins from 2D image data.
